Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common virus belonging to the herpesvirus family that can infect people of all ages. While CMV infection often causes no symptoms in healthy individuals, it can lead to serious complications in certain populations, such as newborns, individuals with weakened immune systems, and pregnant women. Recognizing the signs and symptoms of CMV infection is crucial for timely diagnosis and appropriate management. Here’s what you need to know:
1. Fever:
Fever is a common early symptom of CMV infection, typically lasting for a few days. It may be accompanied by other flu-like symptoms such as fatigue, headache, and muscle aches.
2. Fatigue:
Feelings of tiredness or exhaustion are common during CMV infection, even in the absence of fever. Fatigue may persist for an extended period, affecting daily activities and quality of life.
3. Sore Throat:
Some individuals with CMV infection may experience a sore throat, which can range from mild discomfort to severe pain. Sore throat may be accompanied by swollen glands in the neck.
4. Swollen Glands:
Enlarged lymph nodes, particularly in the neck, armpits, or groin, are a common symptom of CMV infection. Swollen glands may be tender to the touch and can persist for several weeks.
5. Muscle and Joint Pain:
CMV infection can cause muscle and joint pain, similar to symptoms experienced during a viral illness or flu. These symptoms may be mild to moderate in intensity and typically resolve on their own over time.
6. Headache:
Headaches are a common symptom of CMV infection, often accompanying other flu-like symptoms such as fever and fatigue. Headaches may vary in severity and duration.
7. Nausea and Vomiting:
Some individuals with CMV infection may experience gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and vomiting. These symptoms are typically mild and may resolve on their own without specific treatment.
8. Loss of Appetite:
Loss of appetite is another common symptom of CMV infection, which may contribute to weight loss or malnutrition, particularly in severe cases or in individuals with weakened immune systems.
9. Jaundice:
In rare cases, CMV infection can cause liver inflammation, leading to jaundice, a yellowing of the skin and eyes. Jaundice may be accompanied by other symptoms such as dark urine and pale stools.
10. Vision Problems:
CMV infection can affect the eyes, causing symptoms such as blurred vision, eye redness, and sensitivity to light. Vision problems may occur in newborns with congenital CMV infection or in individuals with compromised immune systems.
While CMV infection often causes mild, flu-like symptoms in healthy individuals, it can lead to severe complications in certain populations. If you experience any of the signs and symptoms mentioned above, especially if you are pregnant, immunocompromised, or caring for a newborn, it’s essential to seek medical attention promptly. Early diagnosis and appropriate management can help prevent complications and ensure the best possible outcome. Additionally, practicing good hygiene, such as frequent handwashing, avoiding close contact with individuals who are sick, and following safe sex practices, can help reduce the risk of CMV transmission.
